Investigating the Effectiveness of the Helfer Skin Tap Technique on Intramuscular Injection Pain and Trypanophobia in Adult Patients

Document Type : Original articles

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1 Lecturer of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Minia University, Egypt

2 Assistant professor of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Minia University Egypt

3 Lecturer of Medical Surgical Nursing, faculty of Nursing Beni-Suef University, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Pain from intramuscular (IM) injections is a widespread issue affecting patients globally. It can lead to complications ranging from temporary discomfort to chronic, long-term effects. Nursing interventions are essential for minimizing injection-related pain and preventing associated complications. Aim: to Investigating the Effectiveness of the Helfer Skin Tap Technique on Intramuscular Injection Pain and Trypanophobia in Adult Patients. Design: A Quasi-experimental study Setting: The current study was conducted in medical and surgical department of Minia University Hospital, Egypt. Sample: A purposive sample of 200 subjects receiving intramuscular analgesics were conveniently selected (100 subjects were assigned for intramuscular injection using Helfer skin tap technique (HSTT) and 100 subjects control group using routine technique). Tools: Three tools were utilized: Tool (1) Demographic and Medical Data Sheet, Tool (2) Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Tool (3) Trypanophobia Rating Scale. Results: The mean VAS score was statistically significant between study and control group with P value = 0.000, and Patients receiving the Standard Technique reported predominantly mild Trypanophobia (45%), while most HSTT recipients reported no Trypanophobia (67%). The difference in Trypanophobia levels between groups was statistically significant (MH=6.8, p=0.002). Conclusions: HSTT significantly reduced both perceived pain and trypanophobia during intramuscular injections compared to standard techniques. Patients reported substantially lower pain and fear levels with HSTT, with statistically significant differences between the two methods. Recommendation: Training programs on applying the Helfer skin tapping during injection should be conducted for All health professionals’, especially nurses in the health setting and in medical centers to reduce pain during administration IM injection

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